3.11 If the cadre structure already has provision for various types of reserves like probation, leave, training and deputation it should be examined as to (a) how such reserves have been utilised in the past and (b) what would be the future pattern of utilisation. The review should provide an opportunity to identify posts which are usually being manned by reserves due to inadequate provision of duty posts for existing activities or because of expansion of regular activities or both. There should be an endeavour to convert such posts into regular duty posts wherever they are expected to last atleast for the review period. The provisions for reserves will then have to be suitably adjusted. This would reduce distortions and make for smooth and scientific cadre management.

3.12 If no provision exists for reserves in the initial constitution of the Service, it should be examined as to the extent that different types of reserves will now have to be provided for in the revised structures in the light of past experience and anticipated requirements over the review period.

3.13 Recruitment rules are a sine-qua-non for creation and continuance of any posts, for an organised service. There have been instances where Service cadre have been constituted even before framing proper recruitment rules. In some cases such situation (existence of a Service without proper recruitment rules) continues for quite some time giving rise to distortions in cadre management. The Department of Personnel & Training have been issuing guidelines and instructions from time to time in regard to framing of recruitment rules. The Department of Personnel and Training (Establishment Division) have issued a Hand Book in 1984 where in the various guidelines together with the model recruitment rules have been published for the use of Min./Deptt. of the Govt. of India. The Hand Book enables the cadre authorities to frame recruitment rules in respect of posts included in the cadre under their control in a rational manner. It should also be checked and ensured that the recruitment rules already framed are in line with the guidelines.